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¸¶¿ì½º »ïÂ÷½Å°æ ô¼ö·ÎÇÙ ¹ÌÃø¼ÒÇÙ ¾Æ±³Áú ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ Bicuculline Methiodide (BMI)ÀÇ ºñ GABAA ¼ö¿ëü ¸Å°³¼º ¹ÝÀÀ

Non-GABAA Receptor-Mediated Actions of Bicuculline Methiodide (BMI) on The Substantia Gelatinosa Neurons of Trigeminal Subnucleus Caudalis in Mice

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ÇѼº±Ô ( Han Seong-Kyu ) - ÀüºÏ´ëÇб³ Ä¡ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø ±¸°­»ý¸®Çб³½Ç
ÀÌ°æÀº ( Lee Kyung-Eun ) - ÀüºÏ´ëÇб³ Ä¡ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø ±¸°­³»°úÇб³½Ç
¼­ºÀÁ÷ ( Seo Bong-Jik ) - ÀüºÏ´ëÇб³ Ä¡ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø ±¸°­³»°úÇб³½Ç

Abstract

BicucullineÀº Àü±â»ý¸®ÇÐ ¿¬±¸ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼­ °¡Àå ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÇ´Â GABAA ¼ö¿ëü ±æÇ×Á¦Áß Çϳª´Ù. ¹°¿¡ Àß ³ìÁö ¾Ê´Â Ư¼º ¶§¹®¿¡ ½ÇÇèÀûÀ¸·Î´Â bicuculline methiodide (BMI)¿Í °°Àº 4Â÷¾Ï¿°(quaternary ammonium salts)ÀÇ ÇüÅ·ΠÁÖ·Î Á¦À۵Ǿî ÀÌ¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ´Ù¼öÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ BMI°¡ ºñ GABAA ¼ö¿ëü ¸Å°³ ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ¾Ë·ÁÁ³´Ù.
»ïÂ÷½Å°æ ô¼ö·ÎÇÙ ¹ÌÃø¼ÒÇÙ ¾Æ±³ÁúÀº À¯ÇØÀÚ±Ø °úÁ¤°ú ¿¬°üÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖÀ¸³ª, ¾Æ±³Áú ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ BMIÀÇ ºñ GABAergic È°¼º¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â °ÅÀÇ ¾Ë·ÁÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. º» ¿¬±¸´Â whole cell patch clamp ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¸¶¿ì½º »ïÂ÷½Å°æ ô¼ö·ÎÇÙ ¹ÌÃø¼ÒÇÙÀÇ ¾Æ±³Áú ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ Àü·ù°íÁ¤¹ý(current clamp)°ú Àü¾Ð°íÁ¤¹ý(voltage clamp)À» ÅëÇØ BMI°¡ ¸·Àü¾Ð º¯È­ ¹× ¼¼Æ÷¸· Àü·ùÀÇ º¯È­¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀ» Á¶»çÇÏ¿© ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº °á°ú¸¦ ¾ò¾ú´Ù. ù°, »ïÂ÷½Å°æ ¹ÌÃø¼ÒÇÙ ¾Æ±³Áú ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ BMI´Â ¼¼Æ÷¸· Å»ºÐ±ØÀ» À¯¹ßÇÏ¿´´Ù. µÑ°, BMI¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ È¿°ú°¡ GABAA ¼ö¿ëü¿¡ ¸Å°³ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù´Â °á°úµéÀÌ µµÃ⠵Ǿú´Ù. ¼Â°, BMI¿¡ ÀÇÇØ À¯¹ßµÈ ¼¼Æ÷¸· Å»ºÐ±ØÀº PIC¿Í CNQX, AP-5, strychinine°ú TTXÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ±æÇ×Á¦ È¥ÇÕ¹°ÀÇ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â Á¶°Ç¿¡¼­µµ Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î À¯ÁöµÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í, BMI¿¡ ÀÇÇØ À¯µµµÇ´Â Å»ºÐ±ØÀÇ ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ fBICÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ À¯µµÃ¼À̸ç GABA ¼ö¿ëü ¾ïÁ¦Á¦·Î¼­ ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Â BMB ¶Ç´Â BMC¿¡¼­µµ ³ªÅ¸³ª´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇØ º¸´Â ½ÇÇè °á°ú BMI´Â ¸·Àü·ùÀÇ ³»Ç⼺ Àü·ù¸¦ À¯µµÇÏÁö¸¸, fBICÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ À¯µµÃ¼ÀÎ, BMB¿Í BMC´Â ¿ÜÇ⼺ Àü·ù¸¦ À¯µµÇÏ¿´´Ù.
ÀÌ»óÀÇ °á°úµéÀ» Á¾ÇÕÇØ º¸¸é ¸¶¿ì½º »ïÂ÷½Å°æ ô¼ö·ÎÇÙ ¹ÌÃø¼ÒÇÙ ¾Æ±³Áú ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ Bicuculline Methiodide (BMI)´Â free base bicuculline (fBIC)°ú´Â ´Þ¸® GABAA ¼ö¿ëü¸¦ ¸Å°³ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¸· Å»ºÐ±ØÀ» À¯¹ßÇÑ´Ù´Â È®½ÇÇÑ °á·Ð¿¡ µµ´ÞÇß´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ÀÌ °á°ú´Â BMIÀÇ ÀÛ¿ë±âÀüÀÌ fBICÀÇ È°µ¿±âÀü°ú ´Ù¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½À» ÀǹÌÇϸç ÀÌ¿Í °°ÀÌ fBIC¿Í BMIÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» º¸ÀÌ´Â °ÍÀº ´Ù¸§ ¾Æ´Ñ fBIC¿¡ °áÇÕµÈ I? ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Æ¯ÀÌÀû ¹ÝÀÀ°ú °ü·ÃµÈ ±âÀüÀÌ ÀÖÀ»°ÍÀ̶ó´Â Á¦¾ÈÀ» ÇØ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¦¾ÈÀº GABA ¼ö¿ëüÀÇ ±æÇ×Á¦·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø BMB³ª BMCÀÇ °æ¿ì´Â BMI¿Í´Â ´Ù¸£°Ô ¿ÜÇ⼺ Àü·ù°¡ ±â·ÏµÈ °á°ú¸¦ ÅëÇØ BMB, BMC¿Í ´Ù¸£°Ô BMI¿¡´Â fBIC¿¡ I?¸¦ ºÙ¿©¼­ »ç¿ëÀ» ÇÑ °á°ú¿¡ ÀÇÇØ µÞ¹ÞħÀÌ µÈ´Ù. ¾ÕÀ¸·ÎÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â »ïÂ÷½Å°æô¼ö·ÎÇÙ ¹ÌÃø¼ÒÇÙ ¾Æ±³Áú ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ BMI¿¡ ÀÇÇØ À¯µµµÈ ¼¼Æ÷¸· Å»ºÐ±ØÀÇ ¼¼ºÎ ±âÀü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áõ¸íÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀδÙ. ÀÌ ¼¼ºÎ ±âÀüÀÌ ¹àÇôÁö°Ô µÇ¸é ÀÛ¿ë±âÀü°ú °ü·ÃÇؼ­ I?ÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀÌ ¹àÇôÁö°Ô µÉ °ÍÀ̸ç, ÀÌ´Â ÇâÈÄ I?¸¦ È°¿ëÇÑ ´Ù¾çÇÑ Àü±â»ý¸®ÇÐÀû ¿¬±¸¿Í ÀÓ»óÀûÀÎ È°¿ëÀ» º¸´Ù È®´ë½ÃÅ°´Â °á°ú·Î À̾î Áö¸®¶ó ±â´ëÇØ º»´Ù.

Bicuculline is one of the most commonly used type A gamma aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor antagonists in electrophysiological research. Because of its poor water solubility, bicuculline quaternary ammonium salts such as bicuculline methiodide (BMI) and bicuculline methbromide (BMB) are preferred. However, a number of studies have shown that BMI has non-GABAA receptor mediated effects.
The substantia gelatinosa (SG) of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) is implicated in the processing of nociceptive signaling. However, little is known about non-GABAergic action of BMI on the SG neurons of Vc in mice. This study investigated whether BMI has a non-GABA receptor mediated activity on SG neurons of Vc in mice using a whole cell patch clamp technique. The majority of SG neurons tested were depolarized by application of BMI (20 ¥ìM) in condition of a high Cl? pipette solution (n=36/54, 66.7%). GABA (30-100 ¥ìM) also induced membrane depolarization of SG neuron. Although BMI is known to be a GABAA receptor antagonist, GABA-induced membrane depolarization was enhanced by co-application with BMI. However, free base bicuculline (fBIC) and picrotoxin (PIC), a GABAA and GABAC receptor antagonist, blocked the GABA-induced response. Furthermore, BMI-induced membrane depolarization persisted in the presence of PIC or an antagonist mixture consisting of tetrodotoxin (TTX, Na? channel blocker), AP-5 (NMDA receptor antagonist), CNQX (non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist), and strychnine (glycine receptor antagonist). In addition, BMI induced inward current in voltage clamp mode, however BMB (bicuculline methbromide) and BMC (bicuculline methchloride), another water-soluble derivative of bicuculline are induced outward currents on SG neurons of Vc in mice at dose dependent manner.
These data demonstrate that BMI has non-GABAA receptor mediated action and suggest that the non-GABAA receptor mediated action can be mediated by iodide. Further studies are needed to investigate the precise action mechanism underlying the BMI-induced non-GABAA receptor mediated action on the SG neurons of Vc in mice.

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¾Æ±³Áú; »ïÂ÷½Å°æ ô¼ö·ÎÇÙ ¹ÌÃø¼ÒÇÙ
Bicuculline; Substantia gelatinosa; Trigeminal subnucleus caudalis

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